At 1 year, persistent radiculopathy was similar in the sham- and steroid-treated groups. Epidural steroid injections (ESIs; interlaminar, transforaminal, or caudal) are used to treat patients with ...

Caudal epidural steroid injection (ESI) is an established treatment for spine-related problems, although reported success rates vary, largely as a result of incorrect placement of the needle. Use ...

In this study, caudal ESI was ineffective for chronic lumbar radiculopathy. These results are consistent with those from a recent systematic review (Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2009; 34:49) and an ...

(HealthDay)—For fluoroscopy-guided lumbosacral epidural steroid injections (ESIs), the kerma-area product (KAP) of transforaminal ESI is less than that of caudal ESI, after adjustment for length ...

Epidural anesthesia: administer test dose first; monitor for CNS or cardiovascular toxicity. 0.25% soln when used for caudal, epidural, or peripheral nerve block, produces incomplete motor block.