Notable among her lumbar spine surgeries were an L4–5 meningomyelocele repair at 4 h of life, a ventriculo-jugular shunt at 6 weeks, and a tethered cord release at the age of 17 years that left ...

Management of lower urinary tract function in meningomyelocele (MMC) patients aims at preventing urinary tract infection (UTI), preserving renal function and achieving socially acceptable continence.